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Melatonin was discovered in 1958 by dermatologist Dr. Aaron B. Lerner and his colleagues at Yale University. The discovery of melatonin was the result of their research into the causes of a skin condition called vitiligo.

 

During their research, Lerner and his team tried to identify the substance responsible for skin pigmentation. While studying the pineal gland in cows, they isolated a substance that showed pigmentation activity. They named this substance 'melatonin' because of its connection with melanin, the pigment responsible for skin discolouration.

 

Melatonin was initially characterized for its role in regulating skin pigmentation, but researchers later discovered that it played a crucial role in the regulation of sleep-wake rhythm and other physiological processes. Since its discovery, melatonin has been extensively studied and its functions in the body have been further elucidated. Nowadays, melatonin is widely known for its involvement in the sleep-wake rhythm and is often used as a supplement in the form of, for example, melatonin 3 mg tablets, capsules or liquid.

 

 

Melatonin is a hormone that is naturally produced in the pineal gland, a small gland in the brain. Melatonin synthesis and release are influenced by the circadian rhythm, the body's internal clock that regulates the sleep-wake cycle.

 

 

Here is a step-by-step explanation of how melatonin is produced:

 

 

The production of melatonin is mainly influenced by light and darkness. Specialized cells in the retina of the eyes contain a light-sensitive pigment called melanopsin.

When these cells detect light, especially blue light, signals are sent to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus. The SCN is often referred to as the body's "master clock" and plays a crucial role in regulating the circadian rhythm.

 

 

The SCN sends signals to the pineal gland, deep in the brain.

These signals instruct the pineal gland to reduce melatonin production during the day when light exposure is high.

 

 

In the absence of light, especially in the evening and at night, the pineal gland is free of inhibitory signals.

As darkness falls, the pineal gland begins converting the amino acid tryptophan into serotonin, a neurotransmitter associated with mood and well-being.

 

 

Serotonin is in turn converted into melatonin. This conversion is facilitated by a series of enzymatic reactions.

The increase in melatonin production usually occurs in the evening and reaches its peak in the middle of the night.

 

 

The nighttime release of melatonin helps signal the body that it is time to wind down and prepare for sleep.

Melatonin's role in regulating the circadian rhythm is crucial for maintaining a consistent and healthy sleep-wake cycle.

 

 

Exposure to natural light in the morning helps inhibit melatonin production and signals the body to wake up.

 

This cycle repeats daily and the regulation of melatonin production helps synchronize the body's internal clock with the external environment.

 

It is worth noting that external factors such as shift work, irregular sleep patterns and exposure to artificial light (especially blue light from screens) in the evening can disrupt the natural production of melatonin.

 

 

The production of melatonin 3mg for commercial use typically involves extraction or synthesis. The specific method may vary based on the manufacturer and the desired form of the melatonin product (such as tablets, capsules, or liquid formulations). Here's an overview of the two main methods:

 

 

 

In some cases, melatonin is extracted from natural sources, often from the pineal glands of animals (usually cows or pigs). However, this method is less common due to concerns about possible contamination and disease transmission.

 

Extraction from natural sources involves isolating melatonin from the glandular tissues and then purifying it for use in supplements.

 

The most common method of producing melatonin 3mg for commercial use is through chemical synthesis.

The starting material for the synthesis is often a compound called serotonin, which can be derived from the amino acid tryptophan. Serotonin is then chemically converted into melatonin.

The synthesis involves several chemical steps, and manufacturers carefully control the process to ensure the purity and quality of the final melatonin product.

This method allows precise control over the dosage and quality of melatonin produced.

Once melatonin has been extracted or synthesized, it can be formulated into various product forms, such as melatonin 3 mg tablets, capsules, sublingual tablets or liquid formulations. Additional ingredients, such as binders (microcrystalline cellulose), anti-caking agents (magnesium stearate), fillers and coatings, may be added to improve stability, bioavailability and overall user experience.

It is important to note that melatonin supplements are considered dietary supplements in many countries and their production is subject to regulations and quality control standards set by health authorities. Manufacturers are expected to adhere to good manufacturing practices (GMP) to ensure the safety, efficacy and quality of the supplements they produce.

When taking melatonin 3 mg, consumers are advised to choose melatonin supplements from reputable manufacturers who follow regulatory guidelines and to use these supplements as directed by the manufacturer. If you have specific questions about a melatonin product, please contact the manufacturer or consult a healthcare provider for advice.

Keep in mind that a nutritional supplement such as melatonin 3 mg is not a substitute for a healthy diet and lifestyle. A healthy diet provides your body with the right nutrients and building blocks, allowing it to function properly.